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VERB
理解；明白；聽懂
If you understand someone or understand what they are saying, you know what they mean.
例句
I think you heard and also understand me...
我想你聽到了我的話，也明白我的意思。
Rusty nodded as though she understood the old woman...
拉斯蒂點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，好像聽懂了那位老婦人的話似的。
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VERB
懂（某種語言）
If you understand a language, you know what someone is saying when they are speaking that language.
例句
I couldn't read or understand a word of Yiddish, so I asked him to translate.
我根本不懂意第緒語，所以請他來翻譯。
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VERB
理解（某人）
To understand someone means to know how they feel and why they behave in the way that they do.
例句
It would be nice to have someone who really understood me, a friend...
要是有個(gè)真正理解我的人、有個(gè)朋友就好了。
Trish had not exactly understood his feelings...
特里希并沒有完全理解他的感受。
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VERB
知道，明白，了解（所發(fā)生的事及其原因）
You say that you understand something when you know why or how it happens.
例句
They are too young to understand what is going on...
他們還太小，不明白發(fā)生了什么事。
She didn't understand why the TV was kept out of reach of the patients...
她不明白為什么病人不能看電視。
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VERB
聽說；獲悉；了解
If you understand that something is the case, you think it is true because you have heard or read that it is. You can say that something is understood to be the case to mean that people generally think it is true.
例句
We understand that she's in the studio recording her second album...
我們聽說她正在錄音棚錄制她的第二張專輯。
I understand you've heard about David...
我知道你們已經(jīng)聽說了戴維的事了。
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PHRASE
獲悉，間接得知
If someone is given to understand that something is the case, it is communicated to them that it is the case, usually without them being told directly.
例句
I am given to understand that he was swearing throughout the game at our fans.
我得知整場比賽中他一直沖著我方球迷罵個(gè)不停。
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CONVENTION
明白嗎？懂了沒有？
You can use understand in expressions like do you understand? or is that understood? after you have told someone what you want, to make sure that they have understood you and will obey you.
例句
You do not hit my grandchildren, do you understand?...
你不準(zhǔn)打我的孫子孫女，明白嗎？
I don't need it, understand?...
我不需要，懂嗎？