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VERB
給…搔癢;給…撓癢
If you scratch yourself, you rub your fingernails against your skin because it is itching.
例句
He scratched himself under his arm...
他在胳膊下面撓了撓。
The old man lifted his cardigan to scratch his side...
老人撩起開襟毛衣撓了撓身體的一側。
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VERB
劃傷;劃出痕跡
If a sharp object scratches someone or something, it makes small shallow cuts on their skin or surface.
例句
The branches tore at my jacket and scratched my hands and face...
樹枝刮破了我的夾克，劃傷了我的手和臉。
Knives will scratch the worktop.
小刀會在工作臺上留下劃痕。
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N-COUNT
劃痕;擦痕
Scratches on someone or something are small shallow cuts.
例句
The seven-year-old was found crying with scratches on his face and neck...
那名 7 歲男孩被發現時正在哭泣，臉部和頸部都有劃傷。
I pointed to a number of scratches in the tile floor.
我指向地板磚上的一道道劃痕。
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PHRASE
從零開始;從頭做起;白手起家
If you do something from scratch, you do it without making use of anything that has been done before.
例句
Building a home from scratch can be both exciting and challenging...
建立一個全新的家庭既讓人興奮又富于挑戰。
Hong Kong's manufacturing industry did not start from scratch in the post-war period.
戰后，香港制造業的興起并非從零開始。
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PHRASE
苦苦琢磨;絞盡腦汁
If you say that someone is scratching their head, you mean that they are thinking hard and trying to solve a problem or puzzle.
例句
The Institute spends a lot of time scratching its head about how to boost American productivity.
該協會花費大量時間苦苦思索如何提高美國的生產力。
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PHRASE
觸及表面;隔靴搔癢;淺嘗輒止
If you only scratch the surface of a subject or problem, you find out or do a small amount, but not enough to understand or solve it.
例句
Officials say they've only scratched the surface of the drug problem...
官員們說他們只是觸及了毒品問題的表面。
We had only two weeks to tour Malaysia, which was hardly enough time to scratch the surface.
我們只有兩周的時間游覽馬來西亞，連走馬觀花都來不及。
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PHRASE
達到標準;合格;令人滿意
If you say that someone or something is not up to scratch, you mean that they are not good enough.
例句
My mother always made me feel I wasn't coming up to scratch.
母親總是使我覺得自己不夠優秀。